Meteoroids are significantly smaller than asteroids. According to our present theory of solar system formation, how did Earth end up with enough water to make oceans? What Is the Nebular Theory? | Education - Seattle PI B) mass per unit volume. [71] Migration is caused by the interaction of the planet sitting in the gap with the remaining disk. true false. away from the sun and becomes longest and brightest at perihelion. C) a grouping of asteroids and meteoroids between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. It was considered hard to grow grains above a cm, and when they grow they rapidly brake and fall onto the star. A) the Kuiper belt. C) the Sun is unique, made of nothing but hydrogen and helium. Essentially, through accretion, these collisions led to larger and larger masses clumping together . What is the primary reason that astronomers suspect that some jovian moons were captured into their current orbits? The Solar System that we live in consists of a medium-size star (the Sun) with eight planets orbiting it. All the planets orbit the Sun in exactly the same plane as the Earth. [2][21][66] Either method may also lead to the creation of brown dwarfs. Corrections? Now scientists have come up with grain collapse scenarios, where grains start to follow each other for reasons of gravity and viscous properties of the disk, I think. E) reverses its direction of rotation. e. cout << "x + y < z: " << (x + y < z) << endl; How many of the planets orbit the Sun in the same direction that Earth does? I feel like its a lifeline. I. B. The Solar Nebula Theory: Formation of the Solar System According to modern science, where did these elements come from? [74] The in situ growth of hot Jupiters from closely orbiting super Earths has also been proposed. The planet will probably have a mean density of around 5 g/cm3 II. As the denser regions pulled in more and more matter, conservation of momentum caused it to begin rotating, while increasing pressure caused it to heat up. C) Earth's interaction with a comet's dust tail. by star infall or radiation pressure flow outwards, before they are finished. [61][65] If giant planets form too early, they can slow or prevent inner planet accretion. Ch. A) Gaspra. Astronomy Cast also has an episode on the subject Episode 12: Where do Baby Stars Come From? a. a few hundred kilometers across, and bright, shiny white from its ices. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. ASTR 342: Chapter 15: Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets Credit for this goes to Soviet astronomer Victor Safronov and his book Evolution of the protoplanetary cloud and formation of the Earth and the planets (1972). For example, there is the problem of tilted axes. Hydrogen and helium are the most common elements throughout the universe. The terrestrial planets formed inside the frost line of the solar nebula and the jovian planets formed beyond it. [28] This enhances the mass of planetesimals fourfold. Name three differences between terrestrial and jovian planets. For several decades most astronomers preferred the so-called collision theory, in which the planets were considered to have been formed as a result of a close approach to the Sun by some other star. A) the direction the comet is traveling. The ________ is a vast, spherical array of long period comet nuclei far beyond the orbit of Neptune. Researchers estimate that there is more total mass in the Kuiper Belt than in the asteroid bel, Some meteorites are believed to have come from Mars and the Moon, As a rotating gas cloud contracts, it spins faster. E) receiving radio transmissions from them, much like Jupiter emits. These giant clouds are gravitationally precarious, and matter combines inside them to more modest denser clumps, which at that point rotate, collapse, and form stars. Astronomy Exam 2 Flashcards | Chegg.com The cores in this hypothesis could have formed locally or at a greater distance and migrated close to the star. D) between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter d. cout << "! The influence of gravitationally induced angular momentum transport on disk structure and appearance", "Accretion and the evolution of T Tauri disks", "X-rays and Fluctuating X-Winds from Protostars", "Emission-line diagnostics of T Tauri magnetospheric accretion. The smallest planet, Mercury, has no moons. B) caused by the Earth passing near the orbit of an Earthgrazing asteroid. Then the accumulation of matter continues, which will lead to the onset of nuclear reactions that allow the newly formed star to resist gravitational pressure. Before it arrived in orbit about Eros, the NEAR spacecraft visited [21][33] The latter scenario is thought to be the most promising one, because it can explain the formation of the giant planets in relatively low-mass disks (less than 0.1M). The planet will probably have a radius of around five to 10 times greater than Earth's. III. a few kilo in size and very low in density. B) cools due to condensation. Density is defined as Why? But the dust and gas are also the ingredients for the planets themselves. It's not as bright as a star because it's not undergoing thermonuclear fusion, with the tremendous release of energy that accompanies that process. See Answer. This states that the solar system developed out of an interstellar cloud of dust and gas, called a nebula . e. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto, d. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune only, All the terrestrial planets lie inside the asteroid belt. C) more icy. The ________ Belt bodies orbit beyond Neptune, but like the planets stay close to the ecliptic plane and in fairly circular orbits. The generally accepted model for the formation of the solar system is called the nebular hypothesis. B) faster due to an increase in angular momentum. A) Saturn. How many carbon atoms are contained in a 0.400 mole of sucrose ( C12_{12}12H22_{22}22O11_{11}11)? [64] Hypotheses do not predict a merger stage, due to the low probability of collisions between planetary embryos in the outer part of planetary systems. D) the surface of Mars The terrestrial planets are made almost entirely of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. B) are dense, like the iron meteorites. d. closer on average to the Sun than is the Earth e) should orbit perpendicular to their star's equator. E) are spaced more closely together as they get further from the Sun. B) The denser planets lie closer to the Sun. solar nebula, gaseous cloud from which, in the so-called nebular hypothesis of the origin of the solar system, the Sun and planets formed by condensation. Some of these irregularities have to do with the existence of hot Jupiters that orbit closely to their stars with periods of just a few days. D) are almost circular, with low eccentricities. what does the flatness of the rotation curve shown here reveal about this galaxy? This causes increased gravitational attraction which in turn causes more matter to come together and vice versa. The Origin of the Solar System l The Big Bang - The Nine Planets The remaining gas and dust begin to cluster in small areas around the star forming the planetesimals (small rocks) which in turn cluster to form the proto-planets (primitive planets). a. true B) noting the drop in the star's light as the planet transits its disk. Alas, it seems that it questions that have to do with origins that are the toughest to answer. E) Kuiper Belt bodies. There were no comets or asteroids in these first-generation star systems. The extrasolar planets are found mainly by observing the ________ shifts of their stars. In essence, this theory states that the Sun, the planets, and all other. AST 111 Chapter 8 Flashcards | Quizlet e. Uranus, Which of the following are the jovian planets? I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Some moons have orbits that are backward (compared to their planet's rotation) or highly inclined to their planet's equator. According to current theory, the formation of the planets of our solar system occurred as a result of collisions between increasingly large bodies of matter within a flattened cloud of matter circling the early Sun, known as a protoplanetary disk. If the mergers happen too early runaway gas accretion may occur leading to the formation of a gas giant. The theory was proposed by French mathematician Pierre Simon Laplace . Long-period comets are believed to originally come from: A recent paper show that terrestrial planets would suffer impacts on the great impact scale, between 1 to 8 as norm with an average of 3. These observations also suggest that planets form in a remarkably short time. That blows a 2nd generation of large bubbles with massive, compressed shells, The shells would lead to a 3d generation of ~ 500 1000 stars of Sun size or less. d. both A and B are correct Planetary transits of exoplanets are rare because a. the direction of the Sun astronomy exam study assignment 6 Flashcards | Quizlet poster about urban heat island (geography), which of the following types of tectonic forces tend to squeeze and shorten a rock body? The water was brought to the forming Earth by planetesimals that accreted beyond the orbit of Mars. It was also rejected by astronomer Sir David Brewster (1781 1868), who stated that: those who believe in the Nebular Theory consider it as certain that our Earth derived its solid matter and its atmosphere from a ring thrown from the Solar atmosphere, which afterwards contracted into a solid terraqueous sphere, from which the Moon was thrown off by the same process [Under such a view] the Moon must necessarily have carried off water and air from the watery and aerial parts of the Earth and must have an atmosphere.. solar nebula, gaseous cloud from which, in the so-called nebular hypothesis of the origin of the solar system, the Sun and planets formed by condensation. B) all lie less than 5 AU from the Sun. 3. The resonant orbits of some of the exoplanet systems indicates that some migration occurred in these systems, while the spacing of the orbits in many of the other systems not in resonance indicates that an instability likely occurred in those systems after the dissipation of the gas disk.
Katie Schwartz Terlingua, Articles A